CVH 1.8 liter engine — technical characteristics (Sierra)

Designation	1.8 NS CVH 2V
Type	R2A
Cylinder diameter	80 mm
Piston stroke	88 mm
Working volume	1769 cm³
Compression ratio	9,3
Compression pressure	1.2 – 1.4 MPa
Nominal power	66 kW (90 hp) at 5250 rpm
Maximum torque	147 Nm at 3000 rpm

The engine is gasoline, four-stroke, four-cylinder, in-line, vertical, liquid-cooled, has a camshaft in the cylinder head and is installed longitudinally at the front of the car.

Engine cylinder head

The cylinder head is made of light alloy. It has spherical chambers and valves inclined in two planes, forming a V-shaped system and driven by camshaft cams located in the cylinder head, by means of hydraulic tappets and levers.

Main parameters

Permissible non-flatness of the lower surface of the cylinder head	0.15 mm
Maximum grinding depth of the lower surface of the cylinder head	0.25 mm
Minimum depth of combustion chambers after grinding the lower surface of the cylinder head	13.9 – 14.5 mm
Diameters of the holes of the camshaft bearing bushing seats:
- nominal	45.721 – 45.796 mm
- repair	increased by 0.38 mm
Tappet socket hole diameters	22.25±0.015 mm

Cylinder head gasket

It is installed with the inscription "Thor" facing upwards (towards the cylinder head).

Valves

The valves are made of special steel, arranged in a V-shape and are actuated by the camshaft via hydraulic tappets and valve levers.

Valve dimensions (mm)

Valve type	Inlet	Outlet
Length	136,50 – 136,96	133,66 – 134,12
Plate diameter	38,90 – 39,10	33,91 – 34,11
Rod diameter:
- nominal	8,025 – 8,043	7,999 – 8,017
- repair 0.2	8,225 – 8,243	8,199 – 8,217
- repair 0.4	8,425 – 8,443	8,399 – 8,417
Valve lift	9,535	9,535
Clearance of the rod in the guide	0,020 – 0,069	0,046 – 0,089

Valve clearance: zero, hydraulic tappets are used.

Valve seats

The valve seats are inserted into the cylinder head.

Valve working chamfer angle	45°
Width of the working chamfer of the valve	1.75 – 2.32 mm
Upper seat chamfer angle:
- inlet valve	30°
- exhaust valve	20°
Lower seat chamfer angle:
- inlet valve	65°
- exhaust valve	70°

Valve guides

The valve guides are made of cast iron and are pressed into the cylinder head.

Guide hole diameters:

• nominal: 8.063 – 8.094 mm;
• repair +0.2: 8.263 – 8.294 mm;
• repair +0.4: 8.463 – 8.494 mm.

Valve springs

Single springs are used, the same for both intake and exhaust valves.

Free length: 45.4 – 47.2 mm.

Length with valve open: 27 mm.

Length with valve closed: 37.084 mm.

Valve Levers

The forged steel valve levers are secured with a central bolt.

Pushers

Hydraulic tappets are made of cold-stamped steel and have a cylindrical shape.

Outer diameter:

• nominal: 22.25 mm;
• repair +0.25: 22.50 mm.

Engine cylinder block

The cylinder block is cast from cast iron. The cylinders are made directly in the engine cylinder block.

Nominal cylinder diameters

Standard:
- group 1	79,940 – 79,950 mm
- group 2	79,950 – 79,960 mm
- group 3	79.960 – 79.970 mm
- group 4	79,970 – 79,980 mm
- group 5	79,980 – 79,990 mm
- group 6	79,990 – 80,000 mm
Enlarged:
- Group A	80,000 – 80,010 mm
- Group B	80.010 – 80.020 mm
- Group C	80.020 – 80.030 mm

Repair diameters of cylinders: increased by 0.290 or 0.500 mm.

Crank mechanism

Crankshaft

The cast iron crankshaft is dynamically balanced and supported by five main bearings.

Main journal diameters:
- nominal	53,980 – 54,000 mm
- repair-0.25	53,730 – 53,750 mm
- repair-0.50	53,480 – 53,500 mm
- repair-0.75	53.230 – 53.250 mm
Bearing support width:
– nominal:	28.825 – 28.875 mm
- repair	28.675 – 28.725 mm
Radial clearance in main bearings	0.028 – 0.067 mm
Crankshaft axial clearance	0.1 – 0.2 mm
Connecting rod journal diameter:
- nominal	43.890 – 43.910 mm
- repair-0.25	43.640 – 43.660 mm
- repair-0.50	43.390 – 43.410 mm
- repair-0.75	43.140 – 43.160 mm
- repair-1.00	42.89 – 42.910 mm

Main bearings

Thin-walled liners are used.

Inner diameter of liners after installation in the cylinder block:
- nominal	58.016 – 58.059 mm
- repair-0.25	57.776 – 57.809 mm
- repair-0.50	57.516 – 57.559 mm
- repair-0.75	57.266 – 57.309 mm

Connecting rods

The connecting rods are forged from steel and have an I-section.

Bottom head hole diameter	46,890 – 46,900 mm
Head hole diameter	20.622 – 20.634 mm
Radial clearance in connecting rod bearings	0.020 – 0.065 mm

Connecting rod bearings

Thin-walled liners are used.

Inner diameter of the liners after installation in the cylinder block:
- nominal	43.919 – 43.960 mm
- repair-0.25	43.669 – 43.710 mm
- repair-0.50	43.419 – 43.460 mm
- repair-0.75	43.169 – 43.210 mm
- repair-1.00	42.919 – 42.960 mm

Pistons

The pistons are die-cast from a light alloy and have a flat bottom with recesses for the valve plates.

Piston clearance in cylinder:
- nominal	0.02 – 0.04 mm
- repair	0.01 – 0.045 mm
Nominal piston diameters:
Standard:
- group 1	79,910 – 79,920 mm
- group 2	79.920 – 79.930 mm
- group 3	79,930 – 79,940 mm
- group 4	79,940 – 79,950 mm
- group 5	79,950 – 79,960 mm
- group 6	79.960 – 79.970 mm
Enlarged:
- Group A	79,970 – 79,980 mm
- Group B	79,980 – 79,990 mm
- Group C	79,990 – 80,000 mm

Repair diameters of cylinders: increased by 0.290 or 0.500 mm.

Piston rings

Each piston has rings: two sealing rings and one oil scraper ring.

The sealing rings must be directed with the inscription "Top" towards the cylinder head.

Ring lock clearance (located in the cylinder):

• sealing: 0.30 – 0.50 mm;
• oil scraper: 0.40 – 1.40 mm.

Position of ring joints on piston: O-ring cuts should be evenly spaced around the piston perimeter, and oil scraper ring components should have cuts spaced every 120°.

Flywheel

The flywheel is secured to the crankshaft flange using 6 bolts.

The toothed ring is pressed at a temperature of 260°–280°C.

Gas distribution system

The camshaft is located in the cylinder head and is driven by a toothed belt from the crankshaft.

Valve timing

OZD	24° before TDC
ZZD	116° after BDC
OZW	110° before BDC
ZZW	18° after TDC
OZD and ZZD – opening and closing of the intake valve, respectively
OZW and ZZW – opening and closing of the exhaust valve, respectively

The valve timing is given with the valve lifted by 1 mm and all valve levers fixed, except for the valve lever whose phases are measured.

Camshaft

Neck diameter	45.7625 – 45.7375 mm
Axial clearance	0.02 – 0.15 mm
Thrust plate thickness	4.99 – 5.01 mm
Lifting cams (intake and exhaust)	5.79 mm
Height of cams (intake and exhaust)	38.305 mm

The camshaft is made of cast iron and is located in five bearings in the cylinder head, fixed longitudinally by means of a plate screwed with two bolts to the cylinder head and is driven by a toothed belt.

Toothed belt

Brand	Motorcraft
Tension:
- new belt	350 – 450 N
- used belt (after 10 minutes of work)	250 N
Tension measured with Ford fixture:
- new belt	10 – 11 units
- used belt	4 – 6 units
Tension adjustment	using a mechanical roller tensioner

Lubrication system

Lubrication under pressure is provided by an oil pump located at the front end of the crankshaft.

The gear oil pump contains a bypass valve that regulates the pressure.

The full-flow oil filter is located on the right side of the cylinder block.

Oil pump
Oil pressure (at 80°C):
– at 750 rpm	0.10 MPa
- at 2000 rpm	0.28 MPa
Bypass valve opening pressure	0.4 MPa
Oil pressure warning light illumination pressure	below 30 – 50 kPa
Axial clearance between pump gears and cover	0.014 – 0.100 mm
Clearance of external gear in pump housing	0.06 – 0.19 mm
Oil filter
Brand and type	Motorcraft Super EFL 134
Replacement frequency	after 10,000 km of vehicle mileage, then every 20,000 km or once a year
Engine oil
Quantity (with filter)	3.5 dm³
Type	all-season engine oil in accordance with API SG/CD with viscosity SAE 10W 30, 15W 50 or 20W 50
Replacement frequency	after 10,000 km of vehicle mileage, then every 20,000 km or once a year

Cooling system

The closed cooling circuit with antifreeze liquid contains a radiator, an expansion tank, a coolant pump, a thermostat and a fan driven by an electric motor, switched on by a thermal switch located in the radiator.

Coolant pump

The centrifugal coolant pump is driven by a toothed belt of the valve timing system.

Radiator

The radiator has tanks made of artificial material and a tubular aluminum heat exchanger.

Expansion tank

The expansion tank is made of artificial material.

Filling the cooling system with liquid is done through the filler hole in the expansion tank.

Opening pressure of the excess pressure valve in the expansion tank cap: 120 kPa.

Thermostat

Wax thermostat. Temperature of initial opening: 85°–89°C. Temperature of full opening: 100°C.

Fan

The fan is driven by an electric motor, which is activated by a thermal switch located in the radiator.

Cars equipped with an automatic transmission have two electric fans.

Fan thermal switch

The fan thermal switch is located on the radiator tank.

Switch-on temperature: 99°±2°C. Switch-off temperature: 94°±2°C.

Vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission have a two-stage thermal switch, with each stage controlling one fan.

Switch-on temperature:

• 1st stage: 100°±3°C;
• 2nd stage: 110°±3°C.

Shutdown temperature:

• 1st stage: 96°±3°C;
• 2nd stage: 106°±3°C.

Coolant

Quantity: 9.5 dm³.

Type: a mixture of special antifreeze liquid SSM 97 B 9103 A (40%) and distilled water (60%) provides protection up to -30°C.

Replacement frequency: every 60,000 km of vehicle mileage or once every two years.

Fuel system

The fuel system of the 1.8 CVH 2V engine includes a mechanical fuel pump and a two-chamber Pierburg 2E3 carburetor, with an automatic starting device and an accelerator pump.

In the fuel line between the fuel pump and the carburetor there is a pressure accumulator tank, which reduces fuel pressure fluctuations.

Adjustment data of the Pierburg 2E3 carburetor

Main fuel jet (1st/2nd chamber):
- cars with manual transmission	100/ 105
- cars with automatic transmission	97,5/ 105
Installing the float	27.5 mm
Turnovers "accelerated" idle	2000±100 rpm
Idle speed:
- cars with manual transmission	850±50 rpm
- cars with automatic transmission	800±50 rpm
CO content	1±0,25 %
Fuel filter
Brand and type	Motorcraft EFG 21
Air filter
Brand and type	Motorcraft EFA 377

Ignition system

The ignition system is battery-powered, microprocessor-based, ESC type, and includes:

• engine position and speed sensor;
• distributor;
• coolant temperature sensor;
• vacuum sensor in the intake system;
• incoming air temperature sensor;
• electronic ignition control module Hybrid ESC.

Ignition coil
Brand and type	Bosch 0 221 122 031, Femsa or Polmot
Primary winding resistance	0.72 – 0.88 Ohm
Secondary winding resistance	4.5 – 7 kOhm
Distributor
Brand	Motorcraft
Direction of rotation (viewed from the front)	clockwise
Firing order (cylinder #1 from the valve timing drive side)	1–3–4–2
Ignition timing (engine idling, warmed up, vacuum line connected to carburetor)	20° before TDC
Spark plugs
Brand and type	Motorcraft AGRF 22C1 (factory installed) or Motorcraft AGPR 22C1 (recommended during vehicle operation)
Gap between electrodes	1 mm
Electronic ignition control module
Brand	Motorcraft 87 BB-12A297-EA
Color coding	yellow-yellow-black
Type	Hybrid ESC
Position and speed sensor
Distance of the front of the sensor from the top of the rotor teeth	1 mm

Tightening moments

Cylinder head bolts:
- Stage 1	40 – 60 Nm
- 2nd stage	tighten 180°
- Stage 3	40 – 60 Nm
- Stage 4	tighten 90°
- Stage 5	tighten 90°
Cylinder head cover	8 – 10 Nm
Timing system housing:
- hairpins	9 – 10 Nm
- bolts	6 Nm
- nuts	8 – 10 Nm
Oil pan:
– M6 bolts	8 – 11.5 Nm
– M8 bolts	20 – 30 Nm
Oil drain plug in the oil pan	20 – 30 Nm
Fastening the oil pump to the cylinder block	11 – 16 Nm
Oil pump cover	8 – 12.4 Nm
Main bearing cap bolts	90 – 108 Nm
Connecting rod cap bolts	26 – 34 Nm
Flywheel bolts	73 – 91 Nm
Crankshaft torsional vibration damper	110 – 130 Nm
Camshaft pulley	95 – 115 Nm
Camshaft thrust plate	9 – 13 Nm
Timing Belt Tensioner	23 – 30 Nm
Coolant pump	7 – 10 Nm
Exhaust manifold	21 – 26.5 Nm
Intake manifold	16 – 20 Nm
Carburetor stand	20 – 24 Nm
Carburetor to the stand	8 – 10 Nm
Thermostat housing	8 – 11.5 Nm
Spark plugs	18 – 33 Nm
Engine position and speed sensor	4 – 7 Nm