A - rear drive axle
B - planetary gear
C - viscous coupling
D - drive chain in the transfer case
E - gearbox output shaft
F - main shaft of the front axle final drive
G - front axle differential
H - front axle
FORD SCORPIO cars are also equipped with permanent all-wheel drive. Additional mechanisms are required to drive the front wheels. The connection of the front wheel drive to the transfer case is made using a cardan shaft. The cardan shaft drives the front axle differential, which is connected to the front wheels by two shafts.
In order to equalise the different angular speeds of rotation of the front and rear wheels, for example when turning, vehicles with permanent all-wheel drive are equipped with a transfer case (interaxle differential) located between the differentials of the front and rear axles. The transfer case consists of a drive chain, a planetary gear with sun and crown gears and a viscous clutch. When the adhesion of the wheels to the road surface varies, the viscous clutch is locked, and due to this, the different angular speeds of rotation of the wheels of the front and rear axles are automatically equalised. In this case, 34% of the traction force is transmitted to the front axle, and 66% to the rear axle. Minor differences in rotation speeds are equalised, and the greater the difference in speeds, the more the viscous clutch is locked. As a result, when the rear wheel slips, the traction force on the front wheels increases.
The transfer case is flanged directly to the gearbox and is driven from the gearbox output shaft by a chain. The transfer case has a separate lubrication system. Transmission oils are checked or replaced accordingly during scheduled maintenance.
Repair work on differentials should only be performed at a service station.
Information for this article was taken from the website (www.FordBook.ru)