Contents: Battery ↳ Generator ↳ Starter ↳ Windscreen wiper ↳ Rear window wiper ↳ Windscreen washers ↳ Heated windshield and rear window ↳ Lighting ↳
Battery
A 12 V battery with a capacity of 50 or 60 Ah is used. The negative pole of the battery is connected to the vehicle ground. The current output in the starter mode at a temperature of -18°C: 270 or 360 A.
Generator
A three-phase generator with a built-in electronic regulator is used. The rotor has an excitation winding with two contact rings. The magnetic field in the generator is created by the current in the excitation winding, which comes through the graphite brushes and contact rings. The position of the magnetic field relative to the stator winding constantly changes as the rotor rotates, resulting in alternating voltage in the stator winding. Diodes convert alternating current into direct current, and the voltage regulator maintains the voltage value constant, regardless of the generator rotation frequency.
| Brand | Bosch, Lucas or Motorola |
| Nominal voltage | 14 V |
| Maximum current | 55, 70 or 90 A |
Bosch Generators
| Type | N1-31/70 A | K1-23/55 A | N1-34/90 A |
| Maximum current (A) at 13.5V | 70 | 55 | 90 |
| Winding resistance (at 20°C): | |||
| - rotor (Ohm) | 2,9 – 3,19 | 3,4 – 4,74 | 3,40 – 3,74 |
| - stator (Ohm) | 0,1 – 0,11 | 0,07 – 0,077 | 0,10 – 0,11 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 5 | ||
| Adjustable voltage (V) | 13,7 – 14,6 | ||
Lucas Generator
| Type | A1-33/55 A |
| Maximum current (A) at 13.5V | 55 |
| Winding resistance (at 20°C): | |
| - rotor (Ohm) | 3,0 – 3,4 |
| - stator (Ohm) | 0,20 – 0,25 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 5 |
| Adjustable voltage (V) | 13,7 – 14,6 |
Motorola Generator
| Type | SD 55 |
| Current (A) at 6000 rpm | 55 |
| Maximum stable speed (rpm) | 15 000 |
| Stator winding resistance (Ohm) | 0,24±0,012 |
| Rotor winding resistance (Ohm) | 4±0,2 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 4 |
| Adjustable voltage (V) | 13,7 – 14,6 |
V-belt
| Brand | Motorcraft 1820 LEL 2780 |
| Tension (checked on a cold belt using a special device): | |
| – new belt: | |
| • single | 400 – 500 N |
| • double | 440 – 620 N |
| – used belt (after at least 10 minutes of operation): | |
| • single | 300 – 400 N |
| • double | 300 – 400 N |
| Sag | 10 mm when pressing with your thumb in the middle of the larger section of the belt |
Starter
Brand: Bosch, Lucas, Cajavec or Nippondenso.
The starter is a powerful electric motor capable of spinning the crankshaft of a car engine up to 300 rpm, which is enough to start it. The starter consists of a housing with windings (stator), an anchor with an overrunning clutch, a collector with brush holders, and a traction relay. When voltage is applied to the starter, current from the battery flows through the winding of the traction relay and the relay anchor is pulled in, closing the relay contacts and applying voltage to the starter electric motor. At the same time, the relay anchor moves the overrunning clutch with the drive gear through the lever. The hub of the overrunning clutch, turning on the screw splines of the starter anchor shaft, also turns the gear, which facilitates its engagement with the flywheel ring gear.
Bosch starters
| Type | EF(R) 12V 0.85 kW | EF 0.95 kW | GF (R) 12V 1,1 PS | DW 1.4 kW |
| Catalogue No | 0 001 211 228 | 0 001 208 706 | 0 001 311 149 | 0 001 108 037 |
| Idle speed check | 55A at 11.5V and 6000rpm | 50A at 11.0V | 70A at 11.5V and 7500rpm | 75 at 11.5V and 2900rpm |
| Checking for short circuit | 7V at 450A | 7V at 510A | 7.4V at 480-560A | 4.5V at 710 |
| Moment (Nm) | 12,5 – 15,0 | 10 | 15,0 – 16,0 | 15 |
| Minimum turn-on voltage (V) | 7,5 | 8,0 | ||
| Collector diameter (mm): | ||||
| - nominal | 36,0 | 32,8 | 36,0 | 32,8 |
| - minimum | 33,5 | 33,5 | ||
| Brush contact force (N) | 11,5 – 13,5 | 18 – 21 | 18 – 21 | 18 – 21 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 13 | 8 | 13 | 8 (4,5) |
| Rotor axial clearance (mm) | 0,1 – 0,3 | 0,1 – 0,3 | 0,1 – 0,3 | 0,1 – 0,3 |
| Control size of electromagnetic switch (adjustable): | |
| – starter Bosch EF (R) 12V 0.85 kW | 16.0±0.15 mm |
| – starter Bosch GF (R) 12V 1.1 PS | 28.5±0.2 mm |
Starter EF and GF with a four-pole DC motor with series excitation. It is switched on by means of an electromagnetic switch. The direction of rotation of the rotor is right, if you look from the side of the drive gear. The drive gear has 10 teeth.
The DW starter has a built-in planetary gearbox, excitation from permanent magnets and is switched on using an electromagnetic switch.
Lucas starter
| Type | 5 M 90 or 8 M 90 |
| Minimum collector width | 2.05 mm |
| Minimum length of brushes | 8.0 mm |
| Brush contact force | 8 H |
| Rotor axial clearance | 0.25 mm |
Starters Cajavec and Nippondenso
| Brand | Cajavec | Nippondenso |
| Power (kW) | 0,88 | 0,8 |
| Minimum collector diameter (mm) | 32,8 | 28,0 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 10,0 | 10,0 |
| Brush contact force (N) | 16 | 12 |
| Rotor axial clearance (mm) | 0,3 | 0,6 |
Windscreen wiper
A windshield wiper with two speeds is used with the possibility of intermittent operation and a thermal bimetallic fuse. The intermittent operation of the windshield wipers is controlled by an electronic relay installed in the relay block.
Brand: SWF or Bosch.
Rear window wiper
Brand: Bosch.
Automatically turns on when reverse gear is engaged and the windshield wiper is operating.
Windscreen washers
All models are equipped with an electric windshield washer pump. Most models also have a rear window washer pump with a separate, rear-mounted reservoir. When headlamp washers are installed, they have a separate pump with a larger reservoir than the windshield washer pump.
Fill the tanks only with water with special cleaning additives. In sub-zero temperatures, use additives with antifreeze properties or add a small amount of methyl alcohol to the water. Do not add coolant from the engine cooling system - this destroys the material of the brushes and the paint of the body.
The windshield and rear window washer nozzles are adjusted with a pin inserted into the nozzle. A special tool (Ford #32 004) is required to adjust the headlight washer nozzles.
The headlight washer supply hose has a one-way valve. If the valve is faulty, the washing fluid will leak out of the reservoir through the nozzles.
Heated windshield and rear window
Ghia cars are equipped with a windshield heater, which consists of two thin heating elements (wires) placed between two layers of the windshield. The windshield heater is switched on only when the engine is running for no more than 4 minutes (it switches off automatically). The current consumed by the heater is 30 amperes.
The rear window heating is switched on only when the engine is running. The current consumed by the heater is 20 amperes. The heater relay is powered from the generator terminal "61" and simultaneously with the heater, it switches on the rear-view mirror heating.
To clean the inside of the glass, use a soft cloth or chamois leather, running it along the heater threads.
Small breaks in the heater can be repaired with special conductive paint. Follow the manufacturer's instructions when using it.
Lighting
Headlights
Brand: Bosch or Hella.
Light bulbs
Usage | Fastening, base | Power (W) |
| High and low beam headlights H4 | H4 | 55/ 60 |
| High beam headlights H3 (Ghia) | H3 | 55 |
| Front fog lights H3 (Ghia) | H3 | 55 |
| Side light | Glass | 5 |
| Front and rear direction indicators, rear fog light and reversing light | Bayonet | 21 |
| Rear lights and brakes | Bayonet | 5/ 21 |
| Side turn signal repeater | Glass | 5 |
| License plate lighting | Glass | 5 |
| Engine compartment lighting | Bayonet | 10 |
| Trunk lighting | Bayonet | 5 |
| Open door and curb illumination | Bayonet | 5 |
| Footwell lighting | Glass | 5 |
| Interior lighting | Soffitny | 10 |
| Reading light | Glass | 5 |
| Mirror illumination | Soffitny | 3 |
| Glove compartment lighting | Glass | 3 |
| Ashtray and cigarette lighter lighting | Glass | 1,2 |
| Control lamps and instrument panel lighting | Glass | 1,2/ 2,5 |
| Gearbox lighting | Bayonet | 1,2 |