| Cause of malfunction | Method of elimination |
| Increased brake pedal travel | |
| Brake fluid leak from the brake cylinders | Replace failed brake cylinders, wash and dry pads, discs and drums |
| Air in the brake system | Remove air by bleeding the system |
| The rubber seals in the brake master cylinder are damaged | Replace the cylinder assembly |
| The rubber hoses of the brake hydraulic drive are damaged | Replace the hoses and bleed the system |
| Increased runout (more than 0.05 mm) of the brake disc | Grind or replace the disc if the thickness of the front brake discs is less than 23.0 mm, and the rear (if any) is less than 9.0 mm |
| Insufficient braking efficiency | |
| Oiling of brake pad linings | Wash and dry the pads |
| Seizure of pistons in working cylinders | Eliminate the causes of jamming, replace damaged parts |
| Complete wear of brake pad linings | Replace the brake pads |
| Overheating of brake mechanisms | Stop immediately and allow the brakes to cool down |
| Use of low quality pads | Use original pads or projections from companies specializing in the production of brake system parts |
| A leak in one of the circuits (accompanied by a failure of the brake pedal) | Replace damaged parts, bleed the system |
| Incorrect brake pedal position (distance from pedal pad to floor is less than normal) | Check the condition of all parts and units of the brake hydraulic drive and replace faulty ones |
| Malfunction of the anti-lock braking system | Contact the service to check the anti-lock brake system |
| Incomplete release of braking of all wheels | |
| There is no free travel of the brake pedal | Check the condition of all parts and units of the brake hydraulic drive and replace faulty ones |
| Swelling of the rubber seals of the master cylinder due to gasoline, mineral oils, etc. getting into the liquid. | Flush and bleed the entire hydraulic system, replace rubber parts |
| Seizure of master cylinder pistons | Check and replace master cylinder if necessary |
| Braking one wheel with the pedal released | |
| Fracture or weakening of the rear drum brake shoe tension spring | Replace the spring |
| Piston seizing in the working cylinder due to contamination or corrosion of the housing | Replace the slave cylinder and bleed the brake hydraulic system |
| Swelling of the sealing rings of the working cylinder due to foreign impurities entering the fluid | Replace the slave cylinder and bleed the brake hydraulic system |
| Violation of the position of the caliper relative to the brake disc when loosening the mounting bolts | Tighten the mounting bolts, replace damaged parts if necessary |
| Incorrect adjustment of the parking brake system Malfunction of the anti-lock braking system | Adjust the parking brake system. Contact the service center to check the anti-lock brake system |
| Skidding or pulling the car to the side when braking | |
| Jamming of the working cylinder piston | Check and eliminate piston jamming in cylinder 8 |
| A blockage in any tube due to a dent or clog | Replace or clean the tube |
| Contamination or oiling of discs, drums and brake shoe linings | Clean the brake components |
| Wheel alignment angles are incorrect | Adjust the wheel alignment angles |
| Different tire pressures | Set the required tire pressure |
| One of the brake system circuits is not working (accompanied by a decrease in braking efficiency) | Replace damaged parts and bleed the system. If this does not produce the desired result on a vehicle equipped with ABS, contact a service center to have the anti-lock system checked |
| Increased brake pedal effort when braking | |
| The vacuum booster is faulty | Replace the amplifier |
| The hose connecting the vacuum booster and the engine intake pipe is damaged or loose | Replace the hose |
| Swelling of rubber cylinder seals due to gasoline, mineral oils, etc. getting into the liquid. | Replace cylinders, flush and bleed the system |
| Squeaking or vibration in brakes | |
| Oiling the friction linings | Clean the pads with a wire brush using warm water and detergent. Eliminate the causes of liquid or grease getting on the brake pads |
| Wear of linings or foreign inclusions in them | Replace the pads |
| Excessive runout or uneven wear (felt by vibration in the brake pedal) of the brake disc | Grind or replace the disc if the thickness of the front brake discs is less than 23.0 mm, and the rear (if not available) is less than 9.0 mm |
(This publication was borrowed from the website: «FORDBOOK»)