When turning the key in the Start direction, i.e. «start», terminal 50 in the ignition switch supplies power to the solenoid switch at the top of the starter.
The starting fork shifts the starter gear on the vertical thread of the armature shaft into the ring gear on the engine flywheel (forward path).
At the end of the forward movement, the starter gear is directly in front of the flywheel ring gear. The solenoid switch now releases the full battery current via the main contacts (terminal 30). The gear is screwed further into the ring gear and creates a power circuit (spiral path) - the starter spins the engine.
As soon as the engine starts and you release the ignition key, the electromagnetic field in the holding coil of the electromagnetic switch disappears. The return spring now pulls the starting fork back to the rest position. The starter gear comes out of the flywheel, the power supply to the starter is interrupted.
Structural elements of the starter: 1 - starter assembly; 2 - electromagnetic switch; 3 - starting plug; 4 - shield of the leading bearing; 5 - gear drive with free wheeling; 6 - anchor with a collector; 7 - brush holder; 8 - collector bearing shield with small parts for setting the bearing axial clearance.
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