Contents: Removal ↳ Installation ↳
Worn caps can be the cause of excessive oil consumption. When the engine is hot, the exhaust gases smell of oil and are colored blue. It is possible to replace the caps without removing the cylinder head, but in a gasoline engine in such a case you need an adapter for connecting compressed air and compressed air. If there is no compressed air, then you need to remove the cylinder head.
Removal
Apply the parking brake and shift the transmission into neutral.
Disconnect the spark plug caps and remove the spark plugs.
Remove the camshaft(s) and tappets. see paragraph 1.4 and 1.12.
Gasoline engine
Screw the HAZET 3428 compressed air connection adapter together with the compressed air hose into the spark plug hole of the corresponding cylinder.
If there is no special tool, then the adapter for connecting compressed air can be made from an old spark plug. To do this, cut off the ground electrode "1" with nippers. Break off the ceramic insulator "2" with a screwdriver, break off the middle electrode, bending it to one side and the other, and remove it. Knock out the remainder of the middle electrode together with the glass melt "4" and the connecting bolt "5" with a suitable punch (approximately 3 mm in diameter). In this case, clamp the spark plug in a suitable removable key head.
Caution! Avoid damaging the spark plug threads, this will help prevent damage to the threads in the hole in the cylinder block.
Screw the prepared spark plug into the corresponding cylinder and connect the compressed air hose.
Continuously supply compressed air to the cylinder through this hose at an excess pressure of 6 bar.
Diesel engine
Set the piston in the corresponding cylinder to TDC. After removing the spring, the valve lies on the piston. Turn the crankshaft so that the piston in the first cylinder is at TDC, see p. 1.7.
If the piston in cylinder 1 is at TDC, then the piston in cylinder 4 is also at TDC. Make a chalk mark on the bottom of the V-belt pulley, then rotate the crankshaft half a turn (180 degrees) so that the chalk mark is at the top. Now pistons in cylinders 2 and 3 are at TDC.
Remove the valve key from the upper valve spring plate by lightly tapping it with a hammer.
Screw the locking plate "C" that you made yourself (see fig.) to the locking bolts of the camshaft bearing shells. Install a regular spring compressor or a special tool from Ford 212-024-A- and 21-024-B-, compress the valve spring. Remove the key from the valve stem.
Release the valve springs, remove the upper and lower valve spring plates, remove the valve springs.
Pull out the oil deflector cap using pliers or special tongs. For removal, workshops use a special tool from Ford GV 2124, HAZET 791-5 or a removal device HAZET 791-2. All caps are usually very tightly seated. Therefore, for removal, if possible, a removal device should be used.
Caution: Pull the caps off very carefully so as not to damage their sockets.
Caution! Diesel engine: if you have removed the valve springs, the crankshaft must not be turned any further. The caps of each pair of cylinders (1 and 4; 2 and 3) can only be replaced as a set, and you must reinstall the spring retainers and valve springs before turning the crankshaft 180°. If you turn the crankshaft with the valve springs removed, the valve will fall into the combustion chamber and you will need to remove the cylinder head.
Installation
Apply adhesive tape to the top of the valve stem to prevent the grooves from damaging the oil seal when sliding it onto the stem.
Push the new, oiled cap into the valve guide by hand.
Press the valve stem seal into place using a hammer and the Ford special tool. If you don't have the special tool, you can use a suitable pipe without sharp edges that is the same diameter as the seal.
Remove the adhesive tape.
Install the valve spring with the upper spring plate and secure it.
Install the valve cracker, release the valve spring.
Replace all oil seals in the same manner.
Install the camshafts and tappets, see paragraph 1.4 and 1.12.
Diesel engine: adjust valve clearances, see paragraph 1.17.
Install the cylinder head cover.
Remove the adapter for connecting compressed air, install the spark plugs, see item 28.