Engine cooling system
All engines presented in this manual have a closed cooling system with coolant circulation under thermostat control. The coolant pump is mounted on the cylinder block/crankcase on the accessory drive belt side. It pumps coolant through the engine. The coolant flow washes each cylinder and is directed toward the end of the engine that is connected to the transmission. Coolant flows through channels in the cylinder head to the inlet and outlet ports, as well as to the spark plug area and exhaust valve guides.
The thermostat with a fusible filler is installed in a housing, which is fixed to the engine on the transmission side. During engine warm-up, the thermostat is closed, which prevents the circulation of coolant through the radiator. In this phase, the coolant returns through a metal pipe located across the engine at its front and enters the lower radiator hose and pump. Liquid is supplied to the heater from the rear side of the thermostat housing. When the engine warms up and its temperature approaches normal, the thermostat opens, causing the heated coolant to pass through the radiator, where it is cooled, and then returned to the engine.
The radiator is made of aluminum alloy, and its tanks are plastic. On models with automatic transmission, the left tank has a built-in radiator for the transmission working fluid.
The cooling system is sealed with a hermetically sealed cap of the expansion tank neck. Due to the pressure in the system, the boiling temperature of the coolant increases, as a result of which the efficiency of radiator cooling increases.
When the engine reaches normal operating temperature, excess coolant, which expands when heated, flows into the expansion tank. As the system cools, excess coolant is automatically sucked into the radiator from the tank,
Warning: DO NOT attempt to open the expansion tank cap or change the adjustment of cooling system components while the engine is hot, due to the risk of scalding. If it is necessary to open the expansion tank cap before the engine and radiator have completely cooled down (even if this is not recommended), first relieve the pressure in the cooling system. Cover the cap with a thick cloth to avoid scalding. and slowly unscrew it until a whistling sound is heard. After the whistling sound has stopped, which means that the pressure has been relieved. slowly unscrew the cap completely. If a whistling sound is heard again while unscrewing the cap, stop unscrewing immediately and wait until the sound stops. During this procedure, turn your face away from the cap and protect your hands.
Avoid contact with skin or painted surfaces of the vehicle. Wash away spills immediately with plenty of water. Never leave antifreeze in an open container or on the floor. Children and pets may be attracted to the smell, but antifreeze is very dangerous.
When the engine is hot, the electric fan may start to rotate even when the ignition is off. Be careful when working in the engine compartment, try to keep hair and loose clothing at a sufficient distance from the hazard.
Heating/ventilation system
This system contains a blower and a heat exchanger located in the heater assembly, and hoses that connect the heat exchanger to the engine cooling system. Heated coolant circulates through the heat exchanger. When you operate the heater temperature control located on the front panel, a flap opens, allowing the heater to communicate with the interior. When you operate the blower control, the blower forces air through the heater assembly according to the selected settings. On models without air conditioning, the heater handle is connected by a cable to the flap.
Outside air entering the ventilation system passes through a dust filter installed under the grille panel located in front of the windshield (Chapter 1). This filter must be replaced regularly.
Air distribution in the ventilation system is carried out by means of several vacuum-operated flaps located in the heater housing. The vacuum tank receives the vacuum from the engine through a check valve. This tank is also connected to the distributor, which in turn is connected to three vacuum units installed in the heater housing. The vacuum hoses are color-coded:
- a) Black - vacuum line
- b) White - recirculation flap pin
- c) Gray and blue - vacuum supply/discharge to the valve located at the lower level
- d) Red and yellow - vacuum supply/discharge to the glass blower flap
Air conditioning system
See paragraph 11.
[The full article is on the online resource www.FordBook.ru]