Purchase of spare parts (Fusion)

Buying spare parts on your own is a very serious undertaking that requires preliminary preparation. First, you need to decide what is more profitable - to buy a new unit, assembly or repair the old one.

Try to gather all possible information about the intended purchase. The advice of more experienced car enthusiasts will help you with this, especially those who service the car themselves (however, beware of overly confident "masters" who can give categorical advice on any matter). Contact a car service technician, especially if he will be repairing your car. You can read serious car magazines: they publish special tests of units and assemblies.

Note: When going to a store to purchase a spare part, find out the VIN code of the car, by which the seller will search for it.

When initially assessing the quality of potential spare parts, you should consider the manufacturer of the unit or assembly, as well as their originality. Original spare parts recommended by the car manufacturer and distributed through the dealer network are usually neatly packaged, have a quality certificate, a counterfeit protection system, a warranty period and the car manufacturer's logo. Such parts are more expensive, but an attempt to save money can result in expensive repairs.

Non-original spare parts are produced by companies that specialize in a specific group (for example, car glass, electrical components, brake pads). They are significantly cheaper than the original ones, but their use in a car can lead to a refusal of warranty service if there is no official approval for their use in the car from the manufacturer.

Note: Purchased spare parts for the car are divided into two categories:

• mileage-dependent parts: brake pads, tires, drive belts, fuel, air and oil filters, spark plugs;
• spare parts, the condition of which depends on the operating conditions of the vehicle: brake mechanisms, optics, engine parts, transmissions, suspension joints, steering parts and engine exhaust systems.

Motor oil

When choosing motor oil, you should first of all be guided by the recommendations and requirements of the manufacturer regarding the quality and manufacturer of motor oil.

Modern motor oils, consisting of base oils and a selected set of additives, are divided into two main types:

• mineral (obtained by distillation from oil) - their viscosity is highly dependent on temperature. To stabilize the properties, various additives are used, which, in turn, are destroyed quite quickly due to high mechanical and thermal loads, reducing the service life of the oil;
• synthetic (obtained by chemical synthesis) – have high homogeneity and stability of properties. They remain more liquid in the cold and thicker in the heat, burn less in the engine, form fewer deposits, and have a longer service life.

Note: Synthetic oils do not destroy engine seals, however, when using them, leaks may occur through worn seals due to the greater fluidity of synthetic oils compared to mineral oils.

Note: The service life of synthetic oils is only slightly longer than that of mineral oils. Rapid darkening of the oil only indicates its good cleaning properties and a contaminated lubrication system.

The intermediate position is occupied by the so-called semi-synthetic oils. They are made on a mineral basis, but with additives of synthetic components, therefore, in quality they are close to synthetic oils, but are much cheaper.

One of the main properties of motor oil is its viscosity, which determines the temperature range of motor oil application. At low ambient temperatures, motor oil must have low viscosity to ensure engine start-up and supply of motor oil to its components. At high temperatures, motor oil must be more viscous to maintain the required oil pressure in the lubrication system. According to viscosity, motor oils are divided into three types:

• winter – due to their low viscosity, they ensure engine starting and lubrication of the main components at sub-zero ambient temperatures;
• summer – due to their high viscosity, they provide lubrication of engine parts at high ambient temperatures;
• all-season – at low ambient temperatures they have the viscosity of winter oils, and at high temperatures they have the viscosity of summer oils.

Attention! It is strictly forbidden to use motor oils:

• not intended for gasoline automobile engines;
• with inadequate performance characteristics;
• not corresponding to the season in viscosity (according to SAE classifications).

Plastic lubricants

Plastic lubricants are used to reduce friction and, as a result, to reduce wear of parts in vehicle units where it is impossible or impractical to create oil circulation. Plastic lubricant easily penetrates into the contact zone of rubbing parts and is retained on their surface. The main advantages of plastic lubricants are a wide temperature range of application compared to motor oils, the ability not to leak or be squeezed out of unsealed friction units. The disadvantage of plastic lubricants is the retention of mechanical and corrosive wear products, which increase the rate of destruction of rubbing surfaces, and therefore worsen heat removal from lubricated parts.



When choosing plastic lubricants for a specific vehicle component, you should know their physical characteristics, the efficiency of lubricating rubbing surfaces, and compatibility with materials in contact with the lubricant.

Attention! It is forbidden to mix plastic lubricants of different compositions due to possible changes in their physical characteristics (liquefaction and decrease in the dropping point).

Coolants

It is recommended to fill the cooling system of Ford Fusion cars with a low-freezing liquid - antifreeze - an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol with the addition of additives and neutral dye.

In concentrated form, ethylene glycol has high corrosive activity, its boiling point is +170°C. Due to the fact that the crystallization temperature of ethylene glycol in concentrated form is -20°C, to lower the crystallization temperature it is diluted with distilled water (Table 13.1).

To neutralize the corrosive activity, special additives are added to ethylene glycol. To distinguish it from other operating fluids and to make it easier to determine the level in the expansion tank of the engine cooling system, a dye is added to the antifreeze.

Table 13.1. Ethylene glycol concentration depending on the required crystallization temperature of antifreeze

Brake fluid

According to the operating instructions, brake fluids that comply with the international DOT-4 class and are designed for use in vehicles with increased dynamic characteristics are used in the brake system of your vehicle. When purchasing brake fluid, follow these recommendations:

• buy only the grade of brake fluid recommended by the vehicle manufacturer;
• carefully inspect the container; it should be airtight and the protective membrane should be made of foil.

Brake fluids are classified according to boiling point and viscosity (Table 13.2).

Table 13.2. Classification of brake fluids by viscosity and boiling point

Fine fuel filter

Gasoline poured into the fuel tank may contain water, dirt, metal particles, rust, which, if the fuel is not cleaned, lead not only to contamination of the engine fuel system, but also to wear of the fuel equipment, and a decrease in the vehicle's performance. The main function of the fuel filter is to keep various contaminants from entering the engine fuel system.

The fine fuel filter must meet the following requirements:

• effectively capture fuel polluting particles;
• separate water entering the fuel to prevent corrosion of fuel injectors.
• The fuel filter is mounted underneath the vehicle on the fuel tank and can be replaced separately.

Air filter

The air filter, installed in the central part of the engine compartment, serves to clean the air entering the intake pipe. It must meet the following requirements:

• effectively trap particles that pollute incoming air;
• have low resistance to air flow.

For information on the air cleaner element type, contact your Ford dealer or parts retailer.

Engine lubrication system oil filter

The oil filter installed in the engine lubrication system serves to clean the engine oil. It must meet the following requirements:

• accumulate and retain metal-containing and carbon-containing particles that form in engine oil during engine operation;
• have low hydraulic resistance, allowing the engine oil to be supplied to the friction pairs of the engine with a high degree of purification;
• the oil filter housing must be strong enough not to break down when there is a sharp increase in pressure in the engine lubrication system or abnormal mechanical impact.

For information on the type of oil filter, contact your Ford dealer or parts retailer.

Spark plugs

Information on the spark plugs used is provided in the section "Maintenance" (see "Replacement and maintenance of spark plugs").

(For more information, please visit the website: FordBook.ru)