Concepts of standards on the topic of oil (Focus Turnier 1)

Viscosity: a measure of the fluidity of the lubricating oil. In winter, the first choice should be a thin-flowing oil, which immediately reaches all lubrication points after starting a cold engine. In summer, on the contrary, a more viscous oil is in demand, which does not allow the lubricating film to break down even at high temperatures.

SAE class (Society of Automotive Engineers): viscosity class designation, for example SAE 5 W-30. The lower the first number, the more fluid the oil is in cold weather (W (Winter)). 0W oil provides lubrication even at -30 'C. At 5W this figure rises to -25 'C, at 15W to -15°C. The higher the second number, the better the oil withstands high temperatures.

ACEA (Association des Constructeurs Europeen d'Automobiles - Society of European Automobile Constructors): European standard for oil, introduced in 1996, cancels the CCMC standard. For gasoline engines, there are groups A1 (economical oil), A2 (lightly loaded oil), A3 (highly efficient oil). For diesel engines, there is a division into B1, B2 and B3.

CCMC (Comittee des Constructeurs d'Automobiles du Marche Commun - Committee of Automobile Constructors of the Common Market): the specification consists of the letter G (petrol engine) and PD (diesel engine) and a number. The higher the number, the better the quality of the oil.

API (American Petroleum Institute): The specification consists of the letters S (gasoline engine) and C (diesel engine) and other letters. The higher the letter in the alphabet, the better the quality of the oil.

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