The main malfunctions of the starter (Electrical equipment / Equipment and devices / Ford Escort 4 1986-1990)

CAUSE	ELIMINATION METHOD
When the starter is engaged, the starter motor does not operate
Failure of the starter or traction relay or a defect in the wires	Check for voltage at terminal 50 of the traction relay:
	- lack of voltage when the starter is turned on indicates damage to the electrical circuit
	- the presence of voltage indicates a malfunction of the traction relay or starter
	- if, when the starter is turned on, voltage is supplied to the traction relay, but it does not work (no characteristic click), then the traction relay is faulty (breakage of the winding or its short circuit to ground)
	- the presence of a characteristic click of the triggering of the traction relay indicates the burning of the relay contacts or the failure of the starter itself
Faulty motor	Check the operation of the starter motor by briefly applying voltage (extra heavy gauge wire) to the contact of the traction relay on the motor side. If the electric motor starts to work, then the cause of the malfunction should be sought in the traction relay
The starter turns slowly and does not start the engine
Low battery	Charge the battery
Too thick oil in the engine lubrication system	Change oil
Graphite brushes not pressed enough against the starter motor commutator	Adjust distance between graphite brushes and commutator
Poor condition of the working surface of the collector and worn starter bearings	Check and, if necessary, replace worn parts
When the ignition key is released from the engine start position, the starter continues to operate
Sticking of contacts of the traction relay	Switch off the ignition immediately and disconnect the battery, then repair the fault
The ignition switch does not open the starter circuit

The main malfunctions of the starter

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