General information
The vehicles are equipped with an anti-lock braking system (ABS) from Teves. The anti-lock braking system prevents the wheels from locking during heavy braking. Thanks to this, the vehicle remains controllable during full braking. The ABS is ready to operate when the ignition is turned on and the indicator lamp goes out. The speed sensors measure the speed of the wheels. Based on the signals from the sensors, the electronic control unit calculates the speed of the vehicle. By comparing the speed of a single wheel with the average speed of the vehicle, the control unit determines the state of wheel locking and can determine when the wheel begins to lock.
The rear wheels do not have sensors. The control of the braking efficiency of the rear wheels depends on the front ones. To prevent the rear wheels from locking under all braking conditions, each rear brake circuit has a pressure regulator dependent on the vehicle load that determines the braking force of the rear wheels. When the front wheel approaches locking, the brake fluid pressure is too high, so the pressure in the caliper is reduced by a signal from the control unit. This continues until the wheel begins to accelerate again.
Then the valves close again and the pressure created by the brake pedal begins to act again. However, the pressure value in the brake system is not higher than the total pressure in the system. The ABS operation during hard braking is repeated on each wheel until force is applied to the pedal or the car stops. At a car speed of less than 7 km/h, the ABS does not work. If there is any malfunction in the ABS system, it is switched off. In this case, the ABS indicator lamp on the instrument cluster lights up and the brake system operates in the normal mode. If one of the brake circuits fails, the other circuit continues to be controlled by the ABS.
Attention. When performing electric welding work, disconnect the connector from the control unit with the ignition off. The ABS control unit is located on the left in the rear part of the engine compartment. Any checks and adjustments to the ABS system should be performed at a service station.
(The original text is provided on an online resource: fordbook.ru)