Features of the device
The system includes electrical energy sources, ignition distributor, ignition coil, spark plugs, wires and ignition switch. Firing order: 1-2-4-3 for GLA engine (No. 1 on the camshaft drive side). 1-3-4-2 for other models.
Distributor
The Bosch or Lucas distributor (Fig. 7.21) of the GLA engine is driven by the camshaft gear, while the engines of other models are driven by a drive clutch installed in a socket in the end of the camshaft (Fig. 7.22).
Fig. 7.21. Ignition distributor of the GLA engine.
1 - distributor assembly; 2 — mounting bracket; 3 — bolt; 4 - spring washer; 5 - pin; 6 — drive gear; 7 - toothed clutch; 8 — ring; 9 — lid; 10 - central contact; 11 — rotor; 12 - contact group in assembly; 13, 15, 18 and 20 - mounting screws; 14 — capacitor; 16 — lid holder; 17 — holder mount; 19 - vacuum corrector; 21 - split washer; 22 - vacuum tube; 23 — pipes.
Fig. 7.22. Ignition distributor for GMA and GPA engines.
A - Bosch brand; B — Lucas.
1 — distributor assembly: 2 — distributor mounting bolt; 3 — drive clutch; 4 — pin; 5 - gasket; 6 — rotor; 7 — contacts; 8 — capacitor; 9 — lid; 10 - vacuum regulator; 11 — lid holder.
The direction of rotation is counterclockwise when viewed from above. The centrifugal and vacuum regulators automatically change the ignition timing angle depending on the crankshaft speed and engine load (Fig. 7.23-7.27).
Fig. 7.23. Characteristics of the automatic ignition advance of the Lucas distributor installed on GMA engines.
A - characteristic of a centrifugal regulator; B - characteristic of the vacuum regulator.
When testing on a bench, reduce the values indicated on the graph by half. When testing on a car, add the initial ignition advance angle to the indicated values.
Fig. 7.24. Characteristics of the automatic ignition advance of the Bosch distributor installed on GMA model engines.
A - characteristic of a centrifugal regulator; B - characteristic of the vacuum regulator.
When testing on a bench, reduce the values indicated on the graph by half. When testing on a car, add the initial ignition advance angle to the indicated values.
Fig. 7.25. Characteristics of the automatic ignition advance of the Lucas distributor installed on GPA engines.
A - characteristic of a centrifugal regulator; B - characteristic of the vacuum regulator.
When testing on a bench, reduce the values indicated on the graph by half. When testing on a car, add the initial ignition advance angle to the indicated values.
Fig. 7.26. Characteristics of automatic ignition advance of the Bosch distributor installed on GPA model engines.
A - characteristic of a centrifugal regulator; B - characteristic of the vacuum regulator.
When testing on a bench, reduce the values indicated on the graph by half. When testing on a car, add the initial ignition advance angle to the indicated values.
Fig. 7.27. Characteristics of the automatic ignition advance of the Bosch distributor installed on GLA model engines.
A - characteristic of a centrifugal regulator; B - characteristic of the vacuum regulator.
When testing on a bench, reduce the values indicated on the graph by half. When testing on a car, add the initial ignition advance angle to the indicated values.
A capacitor with a capacity of 0.235-0.315 mF (Bosch) or 0.21-0.29 mF (Lucas) is connected in parallel to the distributor contacts. The gap between the distributor contacts is set within 0.40-0.50 mm (Bosch) or 0.40-0.59 mm (Lucas). The cam angle is 48-52° with a tolerance of 4°, the angle of the closed state of the contacts is 53-57%. The initial ignition advance angle along the crankshaft is 12° before TDC (10° for the GLA model engine). The Bosch distributor catalog number for GLA and GMA engines is 0 231 170 276 277, for GPA engine 0 231 170 282, Lucas distributor type for GLA and GMA engines is 58 D 4 (code 41834), for GPA engine is 58 D 4 (code 41835).
NOTE: Lucas distributors have an automatic contact cleaning device (Fig. 7.28). It consists of a cam mounted on an axis, one end of which is fixedly attached to the distributor body. Rotating under the action of a vacuum regulator, the cam moves the contact pressure lever from bottom to top, changing the position of the contact point.
Ignition coil
The ignition coil of the Bosch brand (catalog number 0 221 119 002), Lucas, Cajavec, Polmot or Femsa has a primary winding resistance of 1.2-1.4 Ohm, secondary winding resistance of 5-9 kOhm. The voltage of the secondary winding is 25,000 V. The resistance of the additional coil resistor is 1.5 Ohm.
Spark plugs
Motorcraft spark plugs. Types of spark plugs installed at the factory on cars with GLA engines: AGRF 22, with GMA engines — AGP 22 C, when replacing in operation — AGR 22 C, with GPA engines: at the factory — AGPR 12 C, when replacing in operation — AGP 12 C. The gap between the spark plug electrodes is 0.6 mm.
High voltage wires
The high tension wires have a resistance of 23,000 ohms each for GLA model engines and 17,500 ohms. Their location is shown in Fig. 7.29 and 7.30.
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