Contents: Connecting the negative terminal of… ↳ Orientation in electrical circuits ↳ Standard pin designation ↳
An electrical circuit consists of an electrical component, switches, relays, motors, fuses, circuit breakers, wires, and connectors that connect the electrical component to the battery and the body. Most electrical consumers in a Fiesta are connected by two wires. But often only one wire connects to the battery or to the alternator, and the other terminates somewhere along the way at a body ground, engine block ground, transmission ground, or other connector.
Connecting the negative terminal of the battery to ground
Consumers are connected to the positive power source by wires, and to the negative power source by the car body ("ground"). Current is supplied to the electric power consumer in the car via a wire, which is connected to the positive terminal of the battery in one way or another, directly or via a more complex circuit, as shown in the electrical diagrams. The reverse current supply is provided by the metal parts of the car body or engine that conduct electricity ("ground"). This method reduces the number of wires and simplifies installation. However, in many cases, short wires are still used for the reverse current supply, namely when the consumer is not located directly on the metal part of the car body or engine.
If the power consumer does not work, the reason for this is often not a broken wire, but its unreliable connection to the "ground". The consumer can be connected to the "ground" by bypass paths, which leads to chaos in the operation of electrical equipment. For example, you turn on the turn signal, and at the same time the rear lamp lights up in time with the turn signal.
Orientation in electrical circuits
To avoid confusion in the multi-colored wires of the car's electrical equipment, many individual devices and units are standardized. The numbers on various structural elements and contact connectors, as well as on the electrical diagrams of most car models, have the same meaning. And when choosing the color of the wires, Ford used the most commonly used colors.
Standard pin designation
Contact "15".
Voltage is supplied to it from the ignition switch (lock) only when the ignition is on, and in addition to the ignition coil, voltage is supplied to the consumer, which is supplied with current only when the engine is running. The wires connected to contact "15" in the Fiesta most often have black insulation and sometimes additional stripes of different colors.
Contact "30".
It is constantly under voltage from the positive terminal of the battery or, when the engine is running, from the generator. If you are careless with tools, connecting this terminal to the "ground" can lead to a short circuit if the wire from the negative terminal of the battery is not disconnected. These wires, which are constantly under voltage, are usually painted red in the Fiesta, sometimes with additional stripes of different colors.
Contact "49".
From this contact, voltage is supplied to the direction indicators and emergency lighting.
Contact "53".
From it, voltage is supplied to the windshield washers. The wire insulation is green, sometimes with additional stripes (for example, yellow).
Contact "56".
From this contact, voltage is supplied to the low beam headlights (yellow insulation with black stripes) and high beam headlights (white insulation with black stripes).
Contact "58".
It supplies voltage to the front and rear side lights and license plate lights. The main color of the wire insulation is gray, sometimes with additional stripes of different colors.
Contact "31".
This is the ground terminal to which each electrical consumer must be connected in order for the electrical circuit to be closed. The corresponding wires are brown.
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